The purpose of this study was to assess the child protection system among refugee children in Kiryangongo refugee settlement. The research particularly sought out to assess the current state of the child protection system; to identify the interventions for enhancing child protection systems and to assess the challenges of interventions in enhancing child protection systems. Kiryandongo refugee settlement was selected as the research site because it is the largest and longest established and provides a good representation of the camp-based refugee population in Uganda. The study population included: adult men and women, young men and women (aged between 12 and 20 years old) and young children (aged between 7-10 years old). In addition, key stakeholders in child protection in the camps were interviewed including staff from UN agencies, NGOs, Ugandan Government institutions, refugee authorities, child protection committees, school staff and religious leaders. In total, 55 respondents participated in the research through 4 group discussions (FGD), 55 in-depth interviews (IDI) and 10 key informant interviews (KII). To achieve this, the research tools that were used for this study included: group discussions on Child protection systems. The FGD’s discussions consisted of male and female adults and young people. Semi- structured in-depth interviews were also another tool in this study. The interviews were conducted among male and female adults and young people whereas key informant interviews targeted young children, and these were designed to elicit sources of children’s distress and wellbeing. The study revealed that; Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement's child protection system is fair. The three sectors that make up the system are the social, security, and education sectors.