This study examined the relationship between parenting styles and children’s behaviour in Kasambya Sub-County, Mubende District, Uganda. Parenting practices are widely regarded as central to how children develop social, emotional, and behavioural competencies. The main objective was to establish the relationship between parenting styles and children’s behaviour. Three specific objectives guided the study: to identify the dominant parenting styles among parents in Kasambya; to assess the behavioural characteristics exhibited by their children; and to determine the relationship between parenting styles and children’s behaviour. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed with 140 parents and guardians selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive styles and a behaviour-rating scale, and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Findings showed that the authoritative style was positively and significantly associated with pro-social behaviour (r = 0.58), while authoritarian (r = 0.44) and permissive (r = 0.39) styles were positively associated with behavioural problems. Regression indicated that parenting styles jointly explained 51% of the variance in children’s behaviour, with authoritative parenting the strongest positive predictor. The study concluded that parenting style meaningfully shapes child behaviour and recommended parenting-skills education emphasizing warmth combined with consistent guidance.