This study examined the relationship between public health awareness and community engagement in Kassanda District, Uganda. Community engagement is central to the success of public health programmes, and public health awareness is widely regarded as a key driver of such engagement, yet the relationship remains under-examined in rural Ugandan districts. The study investigated how health education, communication channels, community participation, and health workers' outreach relate to community engagement in health. A cross-sectional survey design with a mixed-methods approach was adopted, and data were collected from 185 respondents comprising community members, village health team members, health workers, and local leaders using structured questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and structural (path) analysis were used. Factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the awareness dimensions, which loaded onto coherent factors and explained 68.2% of the variance. The results revealed a strong positive and significant relationship between public health awareness and community engagement (r = 0.67, p < 0.01), with the dimensions jointly explaining 65.0% of the variance in community engagement (R² = 0.650). Community participation (β = 0.32) and health education (β = 0.30) emerged as the strongest path predictors. The study concludes that public health awareness significantly enhances community engagement and recommends strengthening community participation, health education, and outreach.