This research report study aimed to investigate the “impact of rural-urban migration on social and economic development in Uganda. A case study of Kayunga district”. Questionnaires were used to collect data under a case study research design. Qualitative and quantitative means were used to analyze the data. The objectives of the study used were; To understand the driving forces behind rural urban migration in Uganda, to examine the effects of rural urban migration on social-economic development in Uganda, to identify the benefits of rural urban migration on social and economic development in Uganda. To achieve this objective, the study sampled 40 respondents because it is large enough compared to the study population, the respondents were selected using simple purposive sampling method, it was important because it gave the researcher freedom to select certain respondents with in-depth knowledge regarding the issue under investigation. In their response as to whether employment opportunities were a driving force behind rural-urban migration, 50 % of the respondents strongly agreed to the statement, 25% agreed, 7.5% remained undecided, while 12.5% disagreed and 5% strongly disagree. This was an indication that most respondents in in Kayunga district were in agreement that search for employment opportunities had pushed people to move from rural to urban areas in search of jobs since many people have the perception that better jobs are in urban centers thus rural-urban migration. From the recommendations, the poverty reduction strategy paper of the country should incorporate the conditions where rural-urban migration can enhance rural development and reduce poverty. In the poverty reduction strategy paper of the country, rural-urban migration is considered an undesirable incidence.