The study aimed at the effect of copper mining on household welfare and it was guided by the following; To determine the effect of copper mining on people’s income in Kilembe, to establish the effect of copper mining on the education in Kilembe and to establish the effect of copper mining on food security in Kilembe. This study adopted a case study research design to enable the researcher generate detailed and in-depth data from the study population. A case study was exploited because the study population is homogeneous with similar characteristics and life style, being affected by similar problems and they all live in rural areas around Kilembe, Kasese district, it also enabled the researcher to obtain qualitative information from the respondents. The answers given in the interview guide was edited manually to collect writing errors, and then was coded for easy entry into a statistical package SPSS (16.0) because of its flexibility, then the data was processed to generate Graphs, Frequencies, tables and percentages According to the findings, 61.8% of the respondents agreed that copper mining had an effect on household welfare followed by 20 individuals thus 29.4% who strongly agreed, this was discovered due to a number of reasons given by individuals who agreed and the researcher as well. 3 respondents with 4.4% did not agree, 2 respondents with 2.9% strongly disagreed. However, 1 respondent accounted for 1.47% disagreed thus discovered by the researcher that copper mining has increases household welfare. The researcher also recommends that people of Kilembe should be sensitized about the importance of education and how school dropout contributes to poverty.