The study aimed at the effects of soil erosion on agricultural productivity in uganda with a case Study of Bwanswa Sub County, Kabale District and it was guided by the following objectives; To find out the effects of soil erosion in Kabale district Kihumuro hills, to find out the forms of soil erosion in Kabale district, Kihumuro hills and to find out the main causes of soil erosion kabale district, Kihumuro hills. A correlation research design was used in this study to enable the researcher to find out the relationship between the studies effects of soil erosion on agricultural production. The study population consisted of all 80 residents of Bwanswa Sub County these people were selected using interview guide and questionnaire. These were chosen because they are expected to have sufficient knowledge about the study problem. From the findings, it was evidenced by 56.7% of the respondents agreed that there was topography, 53.5 % of the respondents agreed that there was climatic conditions that led to soil erosion, 44.5% of the respondents agreed that there was thick vegetation, 57.7% of the respondents revealed that excessive cutting of trees was also a causative of soil erosion 76.9 of the respondents disagreed with the statement of monoculture , 88.4 %of the respondents agreed that Bulambuli district experience soil erosion through mining. Local people should adapt and be encouraged to practice crop rotation and mulching. Through these practices, soil texture and nutrients will be kept intact and damages that would occur from rainfall and wind are avoided hence good agricultural production. People should all be encouraged to plant trees like eucalyptus that tend to grow up in a period of short time. This will enable the local people to stop abusing forests around especially as fuel for their bricks and tobacco cure. Local government should set some bye-laws that can enable people both in town and rural to plant some trees before they start construction work.