The study examined the relationship between customer analysis and the performance of agro-businesses in selected sub-counties of Bushenyi District, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was employed with a sample of 150 agro- business owners and managers. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between customer analysis and agro- business performance (r=0.687, p<0.01). Customer needs assessment (β=0.412, p<0.01), customer profiling (β=0.298, p<0.01), and customer feedback mechanisms (β=0.273, p<0.05) significantly predicted business performance. The study concluded that systematic customer analysis enhanced sales volume, customer retention, and profitability of agro-businesses. It was recommended that agro-business operators invest in customer relationship management systems, conduct regular market surveys, and develop customer databases to improve performance outcomes.